The Occupational Safety And Health Administration - 968 Words

Introduction Violence in the workplace has been an increasing problem for many years, but it is hitting the healthcare profession hardest.(1) Nearly 24,000 assaults in the work environment occur every year, with nearly 75% occuring to healthcare providers.(2) In 2001, it was reported that physicians were assaulted at a rate of 16.2 assaults per 1,000 physicans, nurses were assualted at a rate of 21.9 assaults per 1,000 nurses, and other healthcare workers (with varying job titles) were assaulted at a rate of 8.5 assaults per 1,000 employees.(3) In 2004, it was documented that as many as 14% of doctors and 40% of nurses in a UK survey reported being assaulted in the year prior. (4) The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has defined workplace violence as â€Å"violence or the threat of violence against workers. It can occur at or outside the workplace and can range from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and homicide.† (5) The US Bureau of Justice defines workplace violence as â€Å"nonfatal violence (rape/sexual assualt, robbery, and aggravated and simple assault) against employed persons age 16 or older that occurred while they were at work or on duty.†(1) Previous research on the topic of workplace violence in healthcare often lacks the ability to be directly compared due to a lack of definition consensus. In 2000, Rippon defined aggression as â€Å"behavior with intent that is directed at doing harm to a living being whether harm results or not, or withShow MoreRelatedOccupational Safety And Health Administration1013 Words   |  5 PagesOccupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) About OSHA In 1970, the Occupational Safety and Health Act was created. It was passed to prevent workers from being seriously injured or harmed on the job. This, in turn, created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). This administration sets and enforces standards that ensure workers are protected at their job site. They also provide information, training, and assistance to employers to continue to create these safe environmentsRead MoreQuestions On Occupational Safety And Health Administration ( Osha ) Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pages(Hoskin O Reilly, 2009) Some types of information found on this form include medical treatment and first aid, restricted work activity or days off work, and injury classification, such as hearing loss or respiratory condition (Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)). This form also includes specific details about what happened and how it happened. 1.2 Restricted work cases I) Restricted work cases occur when an employer or healthcare professional decides that the employees conditionRead MoreEffectiveness Of Osha Occupational Safety And Health Administration Essay984 Words   |  4 Pages The purpose of this memo is to analyze the effectiveness of the OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), Best Practices Guide: Fundamentals of a Workplace First-Aid Program, as a piece of technical writing. Published by OSHA in 2006, this document is intended to give the upper management of a company an instructional guide to implementing a workplace First-Aid program within a company to ensure the safety of the employees. Addresses particular readers The primary audience of thisRead MoreOccupational Safety and Health Administration and United States668 Words   |  3 PagesThe United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor. It was created by Congress of the United States under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, signed by President Richard M. Nixon, on December 29, 1970. Its mission is to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and occupational fatality by issuing and enforcing rules called standards for workplace safety and health. The agency is headed by a Deputy Assistant Secretary ofRead MoreRespiratory Protection Training Program : Occupational Safety And Health Administration1910 Words   |  8 Pages Respiratory Protection Training Program The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to create a written respiratory program if their employees may be exposed to respiratory hazards. Respiratory hazards are a main concern in any situation when there is a presence of some form of airborne hazard which threatens a person’s health and life. Respiratory hazards exist in a workplace when a substance is in the atmosphere at a concentration level that may cause bodily harmRead MoreOccupational Safety And Health Administration1346 Words   |  6 PagesThe Occupational Safety and Health Administration, which you may have heard of, is an incredible way to make sure every business you interact with is in great shape and is up to date with their regulations, but it is not always regularly upkept in some workplaces. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is more well-known as OSHA and this administration makes sure employers are treating their employees fairly and properly, as well as maintaining a safe and healthy ideal workplace for everyoneRead MoreThe Occupational Safety And Health Administration Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesadministrative law judge of the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission would have to affirm the citation issued by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The Commission’s judge would then rule the employer is in violation if the four required elements of the citation under the General Duty Clause exist. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) took an aggressive enforcement approach with workplace violence which leads to the issuing of eight General DutyRead MoreOccupational Safety And Health Administration Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pagesis not unknown that all-around construction is the occupational field that produces the most accidents and fatalities per year, which can definitely be intimidating for anyone desiring a career in this environment. Furthermore, the sad truth is that accidents will never cease to occur regardless of all of the strict rules and safety procedures implemented by supervisors and safety organizations such as Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), for there are situations where there are unwillingRead MoreThe Importance of Occupational Safety Health Administration725 Words   |  3 PagesThe Importance of Occupational Safety Health Administration Mindy Merceri CS102-Academic skills January 28, 2013 What is OSHA, what is its mission and how does it protect you? OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The Mission of OSHA is â€Å"to assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance † (OSHA). This agency administered the OSHA Act of 1970Read MoreEssay about Occupational Safety and Health Administration1458 Words   |  6 PagesOccupational Safety and Health Administration PAST The Occupational Safety and Health Administration or OSHA is a part of the US Department of Labor, and was started in 1970 as part of the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Its mission is to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths by issuing and enforcing rules (called standards) for workplace safety and health. Since it’s inception it has helped to cut the incidents of workplace fatalities by sixty percent, and occupational

Personal Narrative A Visit to Universal Studios and...

That evening, we arrived back in Orlando, the city. I thought of satellites and how they can beam out messages and ideas into thousands of homes miles away. I walked through forbidden areas at night; deserted walkways, boarded shops, saw people in doorways, wrapped in blankets, everywhere was quiet. I sat in bars, trying to strike up conversations, but even the lonely mimicked the same story – I wanted to discuss, to find out if anyone felt as I did – about this madness, I wanted to find those who reject it all. I knew they were there - somewhere. That night I found nothing. The next day we drove along, boulevards lined with motels, peep shows and strip bars. We visited Universal Studious and Walt Disney. I wondered if these places were the centre, the final mental solution of the American Dream. If this is where it took its inspiration and ideology from and then siphoned it and injected it with mirror images of people who look human. Then sold it back intensely through schools, households and the media while destroying cultures, environments, onward pushing with this madness. Behind the smiles, the dreams, the fairy tales, lay corruption, violence and nightmares. These Walt Disney characters in their tomorrowland are the epitomy of it all, behind the ‘innocence’ and ‘purity’ – lay lies, lay children chained to tables, working for cents . Behind it all lay 400 years of butchering, and today, so some can achieve material dreams, millions of casualties. Even here, along theseShow MoreRelatedAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 Pagessafety program 61 Hypothesis and objectives 61 Introduction 61 OGVG industry profile 64 OGVG on-farm food safety program summary 68 Components of the OGVG on-farm food safety program 70 Documentation of practices 70 On-site visits 70 Microbiological sampling 73 Methodology 74 Case study data sources 74 Microbiological analysis methodology 75 Interview evaluation methodology 78 Survey methodology 80 Results 81 Microbiological analysis 81 Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pageshealth care funding systems, since ‘over-65s’ consume four times as much health care per head as those below 65. Combined with more expensive high-technology solutions and increasing patient expectations, this creates an unsustainable situation. Universal coverage systems (such as those in Spain and the UK) are slow or unable to introduce the latest treatments, while insurance-funded systems (such as in the USA) can afford the latest innovations but are unable to share the beneï ¬ ts with an increasingRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesLeaders 399 Case Incident 1 Leadership Mettle Forged in Battle 400 Case Incident 2 Leadership Factories 400 13 Power and Politics 411 A Definition of Power 412 Contrasting Leadership and Power 413 Bases of Power 414 Formal Power 414 †¢ Personal Power 415 †¢ Which Bases of Power Are Most Effective? 416 †¢ Power and Perceived Justice 416 Dependence: The Key to Power 416 The General Dependence Postulate 416 †¢ What Creates Dependence? 417 Power Tactics 418 Sexual Harassment: Unequal Power inRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesProject Manager 338 Managing versus Leading a Project 339 Managing Project Stakeholders 340 Influence as Exchange 344 Task-Related Currencies 345 Position-Related Currencies 346 Inspiration-Related Currencies 346 Relationship-Related Currencies 346 Personal-Related Currencies 347 Well-Defined Requirements and Procedures 423 Extensive Training and Team-Building Activities 424 Well-Established Conflict Management Processes in Place 426 Frequent Review and Status Updates 426 Co-Location When Needed

Background on Stress Free Essays

INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF STUDY Work Related stress is a major cause of employee’s low productivity in an organisation. Encarta dictionary defines stress as strain felt by somebody mentally, physically, emotionally which may cause symptoms as raised blood pressure and depression. It is important to recognise and address properly job-related stress because it badly affects the employee’s mental and physiological health. We will write a custom essay sample on Background on Stress or any similar topic only for you Order Now As there is so many resources for employees to perform excellent in their jobs but there are also some factors that hinder their performance. These factors lead to their performance negatively. Newman and Behr (1979) defined job stress as ‘a situation wherein job-related factors interact with the worker to change his or her psychological and or psychological condition such that the person is forced to deviate from normal functioning. Some reasons for stress at the workplace could be; inability to meet the demand of the job, building and maintaining an amiable relationship with colleagues, management of subordinate staff, imparting knowledge to others and taking works from them, excessive work pressure to meet deadlines, inability to be creative, change of job, sexual harassment. These kind of work related stress results in poor performance by members of the organization. Attison (2002) says stress is a major factor in up to 80% of all work-related injuries and 40% of workplace turnovers. Despite tremendous advancement in science and technology and availability of various sources of luxury, majority of the workers in Ghana seem to be experiencing moderate to high degree of psychological stress in various spheres of their lives. Job related-stress is also a serious cause of mental health and health-related injuries. David and Cooper (1981) discovered that workplace stress has been increasingly quoted as the main cause of accidents, job dissatisfaction and other psychological illnesses like heart attack, alcoholism and hypertension. WORK RELATED STRESS Well-designed, organised and managed work is good for us but when insufficient attention to job design, work organisation and management has taken place, it can result in Work related stress. Work related stress develops because a person is unable to cope with the demands being placed on them. Stress, including work related stress, can be a significant cause of illness and is known to be linked with high levels of sickness absence, staff turnover and other issues such as more errors. Stress can hit anyone at any level of the business and recent research shows that work related stress is widespread and is not confined to particular sectors, jobs or industries. How to cite Background on Stress, Essay examples

Information Technology and Health Care free essay sample

Overview of current and emerging information technology systems and devices that are commonly used by healthcare organizations The utilization of information technology systems and devices in all areas of the work place is expanding. With the advent of the microcomputer, computer use has spread to all areas of work including healthcare organizations. Computer systems in health care facilities today may encompass a network of microcomputers in the future. A primary use of computers in health care is for the documentation of the patient’s data. Today, computer programs that are designed to create patient records abound. These programs allow input of admission data, recording of nursing progress records, development of nursing care plans (both standardized and individualized), documentation of patient teaching completed, scheduling of patients, recording of dietary intake and documentation of medication orders and administration. Some programs are so complete that they have virtually replaced the standard patient chart. The advent of information technology springs from the idea that information superhighway is made available to all people from all walks of life.    All sorts of information are made accessible at the tip of one’s fingers and can be retrieved in a short period of time through the amazing Internet technology, computerized or electronically processed data system. What used to be data, like records or public documents, gathered for weeks or days can now be obtained in minutes or seconds. What used to be information for selected or privileged few intellectuals are now exposed to the public regardless of state, race, ethnical culture, sex or status, not to mention a few restricted information that are confined to certain age levels, or those that are sensitive to security and privacy (Winkler 1997). Potential risks and constraints associated with each of these technology systems 1. The Assessment Process The Assessment process in a healthcare system is highly confidential. All patients have the right to confidentiality. Patient care information such as diagnosis, prognosis and care plans should be kept secret to those not concerned with the patient’s condition. Only authorized individuals should have access to information about a patient.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Medical records must be kept in a secure place where only those authorized to have access can obtain the records. The patient has a right to access his or her own record, and only by obtaining the patient’s permission can records or information be released to others. Agencies are required by state, federal and accrediting rules to have policies by the nurse periodically followed. However, there are potential risks associated with these new technology systems especially in the assessment area. If a smart agent works with a patient in conducting on-line assessment through a wireless phone device, then a potential risk here would be the improper assessment due to a wrong registration of the patient’s voice even if coded repetitively (Dertouzos Gerschenfeld as qtd in Skiba and Cohen 2003). In the same manner, a constraint here would involve extracting information from the encounter. It is important to remember that the transaction cannot be completed without at least some exchange of intelligence between the patient and another person. These digital systems that collect, analyze and respond to client condition can assess wrongly any information initially given. Even if they are rarely down or suboptimal, still, a patient’s life cannot be entrusted to a technology system no matter how smart it may be. The Assessment process still is an important stage in any healthcare system that needs personal analysis and evaluation. Thus, a foreseeable constraint here is the fact that people may not really use it readily since they would still prefer someone with whom they could talk to in a more relaxed manner.   Leaving the assessment part to any device is not that reliable because it can still malfunction and give a wrong assessment that can send a distressed patient in a more distressed state. The seamless voice recognition may capture the wrong data. Even if the human computer interface uses natural language structure, there is a possibility that the human computer will not know the underlying codification structure (Dertouzos Gerschenfeld as qtd in Skiba and Cohen 2003). This is the probably constraint that may interfere with the successful implementation of each system. 2. Communications Technology Systems In the area of Communications, being primarily electronic and multidimensional will be a great leap in the future when one can easily communicate with health care professionals using both synchronous and asynchronous communication. (Skiba Cohen, 2003). According to researches, there are more than 100 nations that are currently engaged in espionage against US companied. Distinctions between global and local are now slowly being eradicated. Company shifts industrial boundaries from the static to the dynamic. The result is global competition of a uniquely unpredictable nature. Enterprises that previously worked hand in hand in different areas may now find themselves at odds with each other, even spying on each other. Since millions of information is readily accessed nowadays, the possibility of disseminating mixed-up, false or misleading information is high. This can be dangerous when used and relied upon for legitimate purposes.   Moreover, some information and data need to be protected and if allowed for public consumption, the parties concerned have to ensure that the information must be updated, reliable and truthful before they are released to the public. The credibility and integrity are at stake at all times if their data are found to be scrupulous, unreliable, and erroneous. Similarly, data bank sources or data controllers must take possible measures to protect the personal data that they are held accountable in viewing such information for unlawful, harmful and questionable purposes (Skiba Cohen, 2003). 3.   Monitoring process Future gadgets in monitoring for the healthcare system will be state-of –the-art such that smart devices will then be attached to one’s personal Bodynet. This is the term used for the personal network coordinating the devices and both transmit and receive information within the premises of the hospital. It can even be hooked up such that these monitoring devices can reach until the homes of these patients. There will be such a thing as ubiquitous monitoring such that lifestyle factors are monitored too. Even the amount of food in a refrigerator can be monitored making all behaviors and actions available for monitoring purposes. (Skiba Cohen 2003). Since monitoring can extend beyond hospital walls, the likelihood of information being transferred from one data source to another is highly possible. Smart devices that automatically monitor a patient’s electronic record can provide wrong electronic records. A possible constraint here is the refusal of parties to avail of such devices since it can be restricting. Devices may be available but only the agreeable parties will readily avail of it. Besides, it can be prohibitive in price. The focal point of good risk management is the identification and treatment of these risks, an integral component of any organization’s strategic management. In a healthcare system set-up, the monitoring process can run awry if the devices used in attachments are improperly done. (Stoneburner, G. et al). IT security practitioners assigned to healthcare systems are responsible for proper implementation of security requirements in their IT systems especially in the monitoring process. As changes occur in the existing IT system environment, the IT security practitioners must support or use the risk management process to identify and assess new potential risks and implement new security controls as required to safeguard their IT systems. According to Pamela Matthews, conducting these efficient management researches for the results of patients test will prove to be very helpful in coming up with an effective and technologically advanced solutions that would be the answer to treatment. Conclusion In the final analysis, informatization streamlines troubleshooting of complex systems. Technology today is embedded in and around products in ways that facilitate a steady stream of information about medical transactions and the use to which products and services are put. It is essential that a balance be done on both technology and the health care system where most people prefer a more caring and personalized method. REFERENCES Dertouzos, M. (1998). What will be: How the new world of information will change our lives. New York: HarperEdge. (context link from Skiba Cohen) Gerschenfeld, N. (2000). When things start to think. New York: Henry Holt Co. (context link from Skiba Cohen) Matthews, P. (2000). Leveraging Technology for Success. Journal of Healthcare Information Management Vol. 14 No. 2 . Retrieved Sept. 11, 2006 from http://www.himss.org/asp/ContentRedirector.asp?ContentID=749

Orpheus Descending Review Essay Example

Orpheus Descending Review Paper Essay on Orpheus Descending Tennessee Williams surprisingly gentle writer, with a clear, almost crystal soul. His world is so fragile that I want to compare it with one of the most striking symbolic images of his work -. Glass Menagerie  «The Glass Menagerie Nothing like it in my drama, perhaps, did not occur. And it is not in shape. Lengthy remarks, detailed characteristics of the characters in the poster. Monologues. Monologues. Monologues. And if the dialogue is as deaf speak: each of his, and the other does not hear. Display some invented, which will light up lettering and picture illustrations. Why is he so afraid of being misunderstood? Maybe because it is a piece of him Tom Lane Williams, who suffered himself to all human creative meal unlike any other in anything, grown up in the South, in a family where his stihoplotstvo despised and mocked, Miss Nancy. The father wanted his son to be confident, strong, courageous, and his son did not justify hopes assigned to it. Then my father left We will write a custom essay sample on Orpheus Descending Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Orpheus Descending Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Orpheus Descending Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From this point on and play begins. Tom, now an adult, forced to eke out a miserable existence: to live in a great apartment hive, making money on the maintenance of the mother and sister, and forget about the happiness and lures. All to see, travel the world, write poems. . In place of this pathetic service at a shoe company where it all despise for not wanting to make a career and a passion for stihoplotstvu Amanda Wingfield Toms mother is also saddled with heavy concern: her daughter Laura disabled, and although lameness almost invisible, she is very ashamed of his injury and locks himself in a little room where there is everything that she needs to be happy: a collection of glass toys and gramophone. This is also a kind of escape from the world (the same as the poetry of Tom). Amanda, drawn by maternal instinct, trying to save Laura, sacrificing the dreams of his older and, as it seems, strong son. But if Tom agrees to be a victim? Will he be able to give for the sake of family happiness? Tom goes away once his father left. At the end of the play we meet it matured, seen and experienced a lot, but still vulnerable. Nothing has helped him to forget the face of Laura, which he gave for the sake of his happiness. And now, looking in shop windows, he sees them as a person of his sister in the glow of the glass, and asks for reflection forgiveness, and she forgives her or him it just seems PS And this is a prose of the late Williams: The door swings open in the past, silently but inexorably. I can hear the sounds of the gramophone tired, left over from the forgotten father of me, who left our home so suddenly and treacherously like me. I see a weak and sad glass glow hundreds of transparent figures gentle gentle tones. I breath away, for if in a blaze that suddenly there is her sisters face the night was hers one  ».

Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights Assignment The WritePass Journal

Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights Assignment Abstract Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights Assignment ]. Burke-White, W. W. (2004) ‘Human Rights and National: Security: The Strategic Correlation’, Harvard Human Rights Journal, Volume 17, [Online] Available:Â   law.harvard.edu/students/orgs/hrj/iss17/burke-white.shtml [16 December 2013]. Chair, J. (2004) Torture: A Collection, Oxford University Press, Political Science. Chiesa, L. E. (2009) Beyond Torture: The Nemo Tenetur Principle in Borderline Cases, PACE Law Faculty Publications, PACE University, (2009), Available [Online] at: http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1642context=lawfaculty [16 December 2013]. Churcher, J. (2010) UK intelligence knew of terror suspects torture, The Independent UK, (24 November, 2009), [Online] Available: independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-intelligence-knew-of-terror-suspects-torture-1826634.html [16 December 2013]. Coughlin, C. (2010) Binyam Mohamed: choose human rights or Britain’s protection?, The Daily Telegraph, [Online] Available: telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/7206832/Binyam-Mohamed-choose-human-rights-or-Britains-protection.html [16 December 2013]. de Londras, F. (2010) ‘Human Rights Lexicon: Security v Rights and the Case of Binyam Mohamed’, Human Rights in Ireland, [Online] Available: humanrights.ie/index.php/2010/03/17/human-rights-lexicon-security-v-rights-and-the-case-of-binyam-mohamed/ [16 December 2013]. Herron, R. (2011) ‘Counter-Terrorism, Rights and the Rule of Law: How Far Have we Come Since Executive Detention?’ Human Rights in Ireland, [Online] Available: humanrights.ie/index.php/2011/09/07/counter-terrorism-rights-and-the-rule-of-law-how-far-have-we-come-since-executive-detention/ [16 December 2013].Human Rights Watch. (2010) Zambia: Police Brutality, Torture Rife, [Online] Available at: hrw.org/en/news/2010/09/03/zambia-police-brutality-torture-rife [16 December 2013]. IBN, Prevention of Torture Bill: Par panel to consider suggestions, (22 September, 2010), [Online] Available at:Â   http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/prevention-of-torture-bill-par-panel-to-consider-suggestions/343857.html [16 December 2013]. Johns, F. (2005) Guantanamo Bay and the Annihilation of the Exception, European Journal of International Law, EJIL 2005 16 (613), Issue 4. Kamau, E. (2006) The Police, The People, The Politics: Police Accountability in Tanzania, Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative, CHRI. Reidy, A. (2002) The Prohibition of Torture; A Guide to the Implementation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Human Rights Handbook, [Online] Available: coe.int/t/dgi/publications/hrhandbooks/HRHAND-06(2003)_en.pdf [14 December 2013]. Robson, G. (2010) ‘In the Balance’, Criminal Law Justice Weekly, Essential Resource for Professionals Serving the Criminal Courts Since 1837, Issue 14, (2010) 174 JPN 200. Salomon, S. E. (2007) Global Responsibility for Human Rights: World Poverty and the Development of International Law, OUP Oxford. Smith, R. (2009) ‘Columnist: Rights and Wrongs – Winning Hearts and Minds’, Law Society Gazette, (2009) LS Gaz, 19 Mar, 8, Issue 11, (19 March, 2009). Â   Spicer, R. (2007) No Torture; no debate, New Law Journal, 157 NLJ 1761, Issue 7301. Woodward, P. (2010) ‘America’s National Security Protection Racket’ War in Context, [Online] Available: http://warincontext.org/2010/07/19/americas-national-security-protection-racket/ accessed [16 December 2013].

Beowulf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Beowulf - Essay Example The hall was the place where his warriors had fun while drinking mead. In the same hall, the king gave his warriors treasures after every battle. The hall was a center for listening to music and singing songs which theme was bravery and the heroic adventures that brave people get through. Therefore, the hall was a good place to experience all the joys. However, a monster that lived in the nearby started attacks in the hall built by the king. Grendel was the name of the monster and he was extremely brutal in his actions. According to Heaney, once at night Grendel went to the hall and attacked the people who were there. Now all the warriors in the hall were asleep at the time of the attack. The monster butchered around thirty of the men who were in the hall. King Hrothgar was overwhelmed because of the pain and sorrow of losing his people. Scyldings had the same experience as their king. However, it was hard to do anything at that time to overcome the situation that had just occurred. The following night, the monster came back to the hall again and killed again. Despite the efforts that the Scyldings applied to overcome the monster, nothing worked and they did not achieve their objective. The monster was resistant to the weapons used to harm it. None of the weapons harmed Grendel. He was too strong and resistant to be defeated. Scyldings thought of seeking help from gods but the monster remained strong and undefeatable. The monster continued its attacks in the hall and harming all those in the hall. Warriors tried to defend the others but they ended up being slayed. It reached a point that Scyldings started avoiding fighting and at the end, they started abandoning the hall every now and then. However, Grendel continued expanding attacks from the hall to the areas around the hall by causing terrors to the Danes for about twelve years. Stories told about what was happening in the kingdom of Hrothgar spread like fire in the bush. The news about the horrifying creatu re in Hrothgar’s kingdom reached Southwest Sweden that was the Geats’ Kingdom. (Heaney 18). When Beowulf heard the news, concerning Hrothgars’s Kingdom and the dilemma that the king of the kingdom had, Bewoulf remembered that King Hrothgar was a good person to his father because he did a favor for him once. Beowulf felt that he had a debt to either pay to the king of Danes through finding a solution to the dilemma that the king had or take the challenge to get rid of Grendel. He decided to take challenge and fight against the monster. He planned a journey to Denmark for fighting Grendel. No one could stop Beowulf or prevent him from going to Denmark to accomplish his endeavor of helping King Hrothgar overcome the monster (Collins 200). Beowulf was a young man by then but determined to win over the monster. He searched for fourteen warriors who he regarded them as worthy to accompany him. They assembled and started their journey to Denmark by sailing. When they a rrived at the magnificent hall, they made a petition to meet King Hrothgar. Inside the hall, Beowulf made a request in a speech that he wanted an honor to fight against the horrifying and terrifying monster, Grendel. He promised that he was willing to fight the monster using his bear hands without using any weapon or a shield. Honoring of the request was in form of a feast by the king. One of the Scyldings by the name

Professionalism and the accounting profession Essay

Professionalism and the accounting profession - Essay Example The last section provides a personal interpretation of accountancy as a profession. Accountancy as a Profession The rise of professionalism in the United Kingdom is an issue that has gained much emphasis in the literature. The discourse comprises basic issues like what makes up a profession and how professionalism is attained (Lal, 1988). The discourse about how professions have reached their current status has evolved significantly over time, somewhat demonstrating different ideological or theoretical perspectives. Until the 1960s, the dominant theoretical perspective among social scientists exploring the professions was structural-functionalism or functionalism (Jones, 1995). They, largely inspired by the works of Emile Durkheim, look at the role of certain phenomena in cultural and social processes. Structural-functionalism assumes that the development of institutions and, for that matter, professions, usually was a normal outcome of the fact that they played functional or purpose ful roles in society (Roslender, 1992). This explanation, when used in the discourse of the professions, involved examining the array of functions carried out by professionals, and resulted in a complementary and imperceptive traits-based model of the professions. The trait-based paradigm comprises a set of theoretically distinct characteristics or qualities, like responsibility and broad knowledge, which are believed to embody the core attributes of a profession. The trait model is characterised by a particular disagreement amongst its advocates as regards the exact arrangement of components distinctive to professions (Larson, 2012). This is a problem which the ahistorical functionalist model of the professions has successfully avoided. Functionalists believe that the core elements of a profession are commonly restricted to those believed to be of practical or purposeful importance for the client-professional relationship or the society in general (Roslender, 1992). The manner in w hich accountancy has attained its professional status is also the emphasis of contemporary literature and debate. Most of the established histories of accountancy are classified under functionalism (Cherreson, 2003). Several scholars have argued that the histories of major professional accountancy organisations, like the Society of Incorporated Accountants and Auditors (ICWA) and the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), â€Å"tend to assume not only that accountants are supremely necessary to society but also that the major factor enabling their current success has been their form of professional association† (Matthews, Anderson, & Edwards, 1998, p. 4). Furthermore, according to Matthews and colleagues (1998), several British scholars view accountancy as evidently an essential instrument for guaranteeing the most favourable yield or best productivity in any economy. According to trait-based perspective, the emergence of professional organisations w as a natural, and smooth, development intended to furnish professionals with the training or education needed to help them carry out vital functions in society. Because the title ‘profession’ was mostly confined to law, medicine, and the Church until the early 19th century, professions were eventually characterised as altruistic, functional, institutions (Brown,

The Managemetn and Control of Quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Managemetn and Control of Quality - Essay Example A company can improve its cash inflow in the form of profits if Six Sigma is deployed systematically and in right areas. The Six Sigma experts continuously work on reducing the defects in order to reach a situation of zero defects in an organization. Six Sigma is applied in an organization in two methods, the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) and the DMADV (Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify) methods. The Six Sigma DMADV approach focuses on the process redesign based on the short falls. The DMADV technique works by developing different alternative models for quality improvement. The DMAIC technique focuses on process improvement in an organization. The DMAIC technique is used in an organization to rejuvenate the least effective process and product. This is focused on improving the future performance on making sufficient improvement in the current activity level. Six Sigma is an approach that is used in all sorts of business and other production areas where q uality improvement is needed. The quality of the Six Sigma approach has made many business entities including GE implement the process. This process includes Define the problem, Measure what you care about, Analyze or Statistically find root causes, Improve or Mobilize change initiatives, and Control or Sustain improvements (DMAIC). In the first phase, teams aim to identify the problems that are related to the business and business satisfaction. Efforts are taken to relate the customer issues with the general business process by the factors of CTQ. In order to get the total result of the process the team establishes project charters, identifies the required resources, and finds the leadership approvals. In the next phase the team identifies the deficiencies of the current process and takes remedial measures. A good understanding of the customer expectations is made possible to establish the out of specification conditions. The characteristic feature of the Six Sigma process of GE is that even the beginners are a ble to meet the challenges of acquiring the concepts and that the time required for complex calculations is made the minimum possible. In the third phase, the root causes of the present defects are identified by the analysis based on which prioritized list of factors influencing the expected result is prepared. For this, various tools like multivariate analysis, test for normality, ANOVA, correlation, and regression etc are made use as the tools. In the next phase, teams seek out best possible solution and build up a plan action to implement the solution. On the basis of the test to confirm the solution, the process is modified and the effect of the result is analyzed. In the final stage, control charting techniques are used in order to improve the current measures. The measures adopted in this stage help to check the possible recurring of the problems. In this stage the approach leads to long term payoffs in quality and monetary terms. The GE employees are trained effectively in th is process and the teams are able to check the business problems applying the concepts of the program to the problem. The competency level that starts from Green Belts is

Is Electromagnetic Radiation Dangerous?

Is Electromagnetic Radiation Dangerous? There are many rumors and claims about electromagnetic radiations risk. So investigation about some rumors about electromagnetic radiations risk is gathered to this paper. As a result, we got information (1) non-ionizing radiation from home electronics is not severely harmful for us, (2) strong electromagnetic radiation will cause machine error to generate sparks and electrical currents, (3) electromagnetic hypersensitivity is not regarded as a medical condition, and (4) electronic harassment may exist. These results means electromagnetic radiation has risk of machine errors and misuse. But machine errors caused by electromagnetic radiation are taken measures. So we should take measure to misuse of electromagnetic radiation. Index Terms electromagnetic radiation, risks of electromagnetic radiation, machine errors, electronic harassment I. INTRODUCTION Electromagnetic wave is dangerous, electromagnetic radiation makes us leukemia, cancer, and cataract. Such rumors about electromagnetic radiations risk are in many websites and books. Electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic radiation are invisible, odorless, and of course, vapidly. So we can not where electromagnetic waves exist and we tend to think insensible things are false or very dangerous. What is electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic radiation? Electromagnetic wave is wave, of course. Electromagnetic wave can propagate in a vacuum and matter independently [1]. Also, electromagnetic wave is made from electric fields and magnetic fields [1]. So electromagnetic waves are generated from electric currents. On the other hand, electromagnetic radiation is a phenomenon which electromagnetic waves carry energy and spread [1]. It is often called EMR. Also, there are many kinds of EMR. For example, x-rays, microwaves, and light. EMR is classified by its waves frequency or wavelength [1]. High frequency electromagnetic waves have short wavelength and high energy, and low frequency electromagnetic waves have long wavelength and low energy. If frequency of electromagnetic wave changes, EMRs characteristic and behavior also changes [1]. For example, EMR such as ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays have high frequency and high energy enough to ionize atoms and molecules [2]. They are called ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation is contributing to medical treatment, industry, and power generation. But because of its high energy, it causes DNA damage and radiation poisoning when it is misused [2]. On the other hand, EMR such as visible light, infrared, microwaves, and radio waves have low frequency and low energy not enough to ionize atoms and molecules [3]. So they are called non-ionizing radiation. Risks of ionizing radiation are easy to show and easy to understand whereas risks of non-ionizing radiation are very difficult to study. So there are many rumors about non-ionizing radiations risks in many websites and books. For more arranged information about EMR, to use diagrams of the electromagnetic spectrum like Fig 1. are good ways. The electromagnetic spectrum means possible frequency of electromagnetic waves and the electromagnetic spectrum is often expressed as a diagram with useful information. So you can understand relationship between frequency and EMRs characteristics easily to use diagrams of the electromagnetic spectrum. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¡. METHOD Figure 1. An example of electromagnetic spectrums diagram. Figure reproduced from [4]. Today, Scientists have enormous knowledge about electromagnetic radiation. But in fact, there are many rumors about electromagnetic radiation. Risks of electromagnetic radiation are ambiguous and we do not know clearly about risks of electromagnetic radiation especially non-ionizing radiation. So the study investigated about some common rumors about electromagnetic radiation, (1) electromagnetic radiations from power lines, power plants, TVs, and mobile phones are bad for our body and they cause leukemia and cancer, (2) Electromagnetic radiation causes machine errors, (3) Electromagnetic radiation cause electromagnetic hypersensitivity, (4) Some people are misusing electromagnetic radiation for electronic harassment. To clarify risks of electromagnetic radiation is important for proper measure, proper regulation, and safer society. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¡. METHOD To do these investigations, online resources were used. In this paper, Wikipedia and WHOs factsheets were mainly used, and some websites about electronic harassment were used. Also, to find these online resources, Google was used. Keyword electromagnetic wave was used in Google to find [1], and [2], [3], [4] were found as link in [1]. Also, keywords electromagnetic radiation health were used in Google to find [5], and [6] was found as link in [5]. In addition, keywords WHO electromagnetic wave health were used in Google to find [7], and [8] were found as link in [7]. Finally, keywords à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ »Ãƒ §Ã‚ £Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ³Ã‚ ¢ à §Ã…  Ã‚ ¯Ãƒ §Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ª(electromagnetic wave crime) were used in Google to find [10], and [9] were found as link in [10]. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¢. RESULTS First, according to Wikipedia and WHOs factsheets, electromagnetic radiations from power lines, power plants, TVs, and mobile phones are not severely harmful for us [5,6,7]. Electromagnetic radiations from power lines, power plants, TVs, and mobile phones have extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves. So they do not have energy enough to destroy or burn cells and DNA. Also, according to WHOs research, there are no evidences that show extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves are harmful for cells and DNA [8]. In other words, non-ionizing radiations from home electronics are safe if they are not too strong. Also, these online resources refer to electromagnetic hypersensitivity. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity is a disease which causes self-described headaches, nauseas, and lassitude. People who have Electromagnetic hypersensitivity claim we feel sick where electromagnetic radiations exist and electrical devices which generate electromagnetic radiation such as mobile phones, TVs, and computers make us sick. But these online resources also say electromagnetic radiation is not responsible for electromagnetic hypersensitivity [5,6,7,]. In addition, electromagnetic hypersensitivity is not regarded as a medical condition. It may come from a fear of electromagnetic radiations or placebo effects. Second, strong electromagnetic radiation cause electrical currents and electrical arcs (sparks) and electrical currents and electrical arcs from strong electromagnetic radiation cause machines overloads and errors. Also, strong electromagnetic radiation cause explosion to ignite flammable objects and gases to cause sparks. Like this, it often causes severe accidents [5]. Especially, army must think of this risk because strong electromagnetic radiation can make errors weapons such as missiles and bombers. For example, US Army defines electromagnetic radiation hazards (RADHAZ or EMR hazards): Hazards caused by electrical equipments such as radars and antennas that generates strong electromagnetic radiation near weapons, fuels, and people. Of course, if the accidents cause, they will be big and dangerous. So, for example, MIL-STD-464A shows electromagnetic radiation assessment. Third, electronic harassment may exist [9,10]. Electronic harassment is a severe harassment using electromagnetic radiation to torture and damage target parson from far places. This harassment leaves very few evidences, so electronic harassment is considered as an urban myth. But there are many groups and networks of victims of electronic harassment and most victims are reporting harassments and damages specifically, gathering evidences, and revealing severe harassment. Some people claim they have schizophrenia and obsession. But many victims of electronic harassment can think logically and they leave their consideration. Some victims study electromagnetism hard and do experiments. Also, many documents imply electronic harassment is executable todays technology [9,10]. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ £. DISCUSSION These results means electromagnetic radiation is not dangerous if it is controlled or in ordinary environments. Of course, ionizing radiation is dangerous if it is not controlled, but non-ionizing radiation do not cause severe health problems. So extremely low frequency wave from power lines, power plants, TVs, and mobile phones is not very dangerous for us. In addition, if the risk of leukemia and cancer doubles, the number of patient of leukemia and cancer will increase very little because the risk of leukemia and cancer is very little. But these results also mean electromagnetic radiation has risk of machine errors and misuse. We must control electromagnetic radiation, especially strong electromagnetic radiation properly, to prevent terrible accidents such as explosion. Also, machine errors caused by electromagnetic radiation are taken measures, but misuse of electromagnetic radiation is not taken measures. So we should think of take measures to misuse of electromagnetic radiation such as electronic harassment. If misuses of electromagnetic radiation such as electronic harassment are not taken measured, our society will be horrible, and oppressed. Thus, electromagnetic radiations have the risk of machine error and misuse such as electronic harassment. So we should make new regulation about electromagnetic radiation as soon as possible. Video Games: A Great Source Of Entertainment Video Games: A Great Source Of Entertainment Nowadays, people in the world are so busy with their activities where they do not have enough time to waste. This is why for getting a job, they need to be trained. And video games can now play a vital role for this. For example, if someone wants to learn driving, he can use video game console to train himself. There are so many institutes that train people in virtual world. And this is now saving peoples valuable time. Some researchers report that video game make people smarter. As Dr Bavelier, (2012) points out that, people who play action games such as shooting games make them faster. This is why they can focus well in their specific job field. It is kind of training. In addition, multitasking means people who can do different tasks at the same time. For example, people who play shooting or action games are faster at changing tasks than other people (Bavelier, 2012). In addition, gamers can do physical and mental exercise by playing video games. When a gamer plays video game, he needs to be faster and alert all the time. For example, when someone plays racing games, suddenly he may needs to change his direction and he has to do this quickly. And it affects their brain. That is why they always think quickly. Not only that, there are some strategy games can make them clever. For instance, when they play this kind of games, they always have to concentrate and think critically. And at that time, their brain work rapidly and make them faster, quicker and clever in real life. According to Park, (2011). there are some games such as walking on a treadmill or dance dance revolution can help gamers for doing physical exercise. For example, gamers need to press the gamepad button quickly as well as they have to move their body all the time. Moreover, video games also might help people to learn english, especially who do not know english very well. For examp le, some action-strategy games such as L.A Noire, Grand Theft Auto, Desperadoes and so on have some critical missions where gamers must need to know english very well. Otherways, gamers may not understand the purpose of the mission. There was a research by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) reports that, people who play videogames can perform 10-20 percent higher than non-game players. So, videogames improving their abilities. In addition, there are certain video games such as Brain Age and Guitar Hero can also improve gamers hand-eye coordination as well as boost auditory sense (Dr. Kornel, 2011). According to Kornel, (2011), brain is always working and it is in learning mode. That is why new synapses are being formed between the neurons. And it means, gamers are learning something new through games. Not only that, videogames can help people to make a good interaction in social life. For example, children can play just dance with their parents or grandparents. This is a kind of bridge between two generation. Moreover, young adults or children play games online. For example, gamers who play Fifa, can create a tournament and add their friends online. This is why, they can maintain social life in the virtual world and it helps them to keep in touch with their friends and family. However, video game software and hardware companies such as EA, nintendo, konami, sega, ubisoft, DS, sony, microsoft and so on are selling millions of games and hardware every year. And this amount is increasing. They are earning millions of dollars every year. In 2010, nintendo earned $15.75 billion, Sony earned $13.4 billion, Microsoft got $12.82 billion as well as there are so many companies earned billions of dollars at the same time. Not only that, game developers are also get a large amount of money as their salary. Develop stuff (2013) reports that the average income of game developer is more than  £34000. So, this is one of the most valuable business in all over the world. On the other hand, there are also some demerits of playing video games. Many people claim that, crime and violence are being increased because of video games. And it is true that, there are some notorious crimes are occurring by young adults and adults. Especially, those who are between the age group of 18-35. Violent games such as Call of Duty, Grand Theft Auto, Mafia and so on are responsible to enhance people to do crime. There are some dangerous violence had occurred past few years. According to NDTV, (2012) reports that, Anders Behring Breivik killed 69 innocent people in Norway. There were more than 400 hundred people included police in the island also he wanted to kill all of them. And then, investigators found that Breivik actually inspired by violent video games to kill people. And he trained himself by playing this kind of games. The Guardian, (2012) also reports that an american gunman killed 20 people in a school. And he also inspired by violent video games. And this is k ind of sickness. Moreover, people who are mentally sick by playing video games robbing banks, doing crimes on the street and so on. Actually, this kind of people feel lonely and play violent video games more than 12 hours everyday and they are not keep in touch with their family. This is why, it affects them much than other gamers. And this kind of addiction make them sick mentally. Moreover, nowadays children and young adults do not go to playground that much. Rather, they love to stay at home and play video games on playstation or xbox. This is why they can not get the real taste of playing sports such as football, basketball and so on. In addition, day by day they stop making interaction with their family and friends. They maintain social life, but this is on in virtual world. This is why it affects on their brain and in future they may fear people to meet. Because their brain is not used to it. It means lack of social contacts. Moreover, for these reasons, their behave start to change specially the people who play play violent video games. They behave aggressively with the people and that kind of sickness make them introvert. So, to lead a healthy and beautiful life, negative behaves can not be expected. Video games have positive and negative sides. And negative sides can be reduced by playing some necessary roles. For example, parents should look after their children properly such as what they do and what they play. They can make a daily routine for their children. Therefore, children or young adults will play games at their leisure times. In addition, parents can take their children to the playground and play games with them. That is why, children can stay close with their parents. This is how can parents guide their children. Children and young adults can learn many positive things from their school. For example, teachers can teach them about the positive and negative sides of playing games. Moreover, they can also teach them to make a better social life. Not only that, government and media can play a very important role. For instance, they can advertise about the demerits of playing video games and not to do any violence or a crime. In conclusion, people can not blame only video games for crimes or violence. Because, their are millions of people play videogames all over the world. They all are not doing crimes or violence. So it can be said that, play videogames for joyment. It is true that, video games have negative sides. But it can be improved. That is why, necessary steps should be taken to control the crimes and violence.

Condoms, STDs, & Pregnancy :: essays research papers

During the 1980s, efforts increased to alert the public to the dangers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and unintended pregnancy, yet these problems have increased. Adolescents and young adults have been especially hard hit. Pregnancy and birth rates among teenagers are at their highest levels in two decades. Research has demonstrated that consistent condom use is an effective way to prevent the transmission of HIV and other STDs and in the prevention of pregnancy. Analyses of the Urban Institute’s National Survey of Adolescent Males (NSAM) show that although most sexually experienced teenage males have used condoms at least once, many do not use them consistently. Only 35 percent reported using a condom every time they had sex in the past year. But teenage males use condoms more than older men, and between 1979 and 1988 reported condom use among male teenagers doubled. These patterns indicate that teenagers are a promising target population for condom promotion efforts since they appear more ready than older men to change their behaviors. Unfortunately, condom use among young men appears to have plateaued since 1988. Comparisons of 1988 and 1991 NSAM data show no change in rates of use. Attitudes Related to Use Condom use is higher among young men who worry more frequently about AIDS when the effects of other factors are held constant. Between 1988 and 1991, however, sexually experienced teenagers showed declines in the frequency with which they worried about AIDS, how serious they thought AIDS was, and the likelihood they would get AIDS. These reductions were associated with lower levels of condom use. Male teenagers who think they will be embarrassed buying or using condoms, use them less consistently than those with higher embarrassment thresholds. If they think that the use of a condom will reduce the physical pleasure associated with intercourse, they are even less likely to use condoms. Anticipated loss of pleasure is one of the strongest correlates of reduced condom use. Beliefs about male responsibility for contraception are also associated with condom use. Teenage males use condoms more often when they believe that men bear responsibility for initiating discussion of contraception with their female partners, refusing sexual intercourse if contraception is not used, helping to pay for the contraceptive pill, and assuming financial responsibility for any resulting children. Further work has shown that young men’s views of their contraceptive responsibility are very much related to their beliefs about masculinity.